Search results for "density [astrophysics]"
showing 10 items of 561 documents
Treatment of skeletal impairment in patients with endogenous hypercortisolism: when and how?
2014
Guidelines for the management of osteoporosis induced by endogenous hypercortisolism are not available. Both the American College of Rheumatology and the International Osteoporosis Foundation recommend to modulate the treatment of exogenous glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) based on the individual fracture risk profile (calculated by FRAX) and dose of glucocorticoid used, but it is difficult to translate corticosteroid dosages to different degrees of endogenous hypercortisolism, and there are no data on validation of FRAX stratification method in patients with endogenous hypercortisolism. Consequently, it is unclear whether such recommendations may be adapted to patients with endoge…
Osteonecrosis of the jaws produced by sunitinib : a systematic review
2019
Background Tyrosine kinase receptor family is involved in tumor growth, pathological angiogenesis and the progression (metastasis) of cancer. Sunitinib (Sutent®) inhibits members of the tyrosine kinase receptor family affecting the induction of angiogenesis and tumor progression. It is not clear if sunitinib increases the risk of osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ). The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review about ONJ related to sunitinib, describing existing cases and possible associated risk factors. Material and Methods The PubMed/MEDLINE and Cochrane Library databases were searched without date restriction up to September 2018. We included prospective and retrospective obser…
Definition and estimation of osteonecrosis of jaw (ONJ), and optimal duration of antiresorptive treatment in bone metastatic cancer patients: supplem…
2017
To the Editor, In their recent article, Stopeck et al. [1] concluded that denosumab confirms its known safety profile even after longterm exposure, or after switching to it from zoledronic acid, and that osteonecrosis of jaws (ONJ) rates increased with increasing exposure to antiresorptives, consistent with previous reports. This is based on the open label extension phase of two phase 3 studies in patients with breast and prostate cancer with bone metastases who were randomized to receive denosumab or zoledronic acid (ZA) [2, 3]. The patients were offered open-label denosumab for up to an additional 2 years after the results of the primary analysis, favorable for denosumab on several aspect…
Adjuvant denosumab in early breast-cancer
2020
We read with interest the D-CARE trial report by Robert Coleman and colleagues1 on the adjuvant administration of denosumab in patients with early-stage breast cancer. Despite the negative results, which pose concerns about high dose denosumab schedules in an adjuvant setting, this large and well- designed trial can provide useful clinical data that are usually difficult to obtain from observational studies, particularly regarding medication- related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ).
One-step reactive processing of low density polyethylene and octavinyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane
2015
Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) are an innovative class of organosilicon compounds suitable for formulation of advanced organic-inorganic hybrid materials. Nanocomposites based POSS found application mostly in high-temperature resistance and fire-resistance materials. POSS are characterized by a three dimensional cage-like structure, made of Si-O bonds, with different organic groups directly linked to the Si atoms of the cage structure. The organic groups can be designed to facilitate the dispersion of the nanoparticle itself in the polymer matrix or also to react with the polymer chain. This work focuses on the possibility to obtain crosslinking of polyethylene using octavinyl-…
Traffic simulation models calibration using speed–density relationship: An automated procedure based on genetic algorithm
2016
Calibration of traffic models.Calibration as optimization problem.Use of genetic algorithm. This paper presents the first results of a research which applied a genetic algorithm to calibrate a microscopic traffic simulation model based on speed-density relationships. A large set of traffic data collected from the A22 Freeway, Italy, was used and a comparison was performed between the field measurements and the simulation outputs obtained for a test freeway segment by using the Aimsun microscopic simulator.The calibration was formulated as an optimization problem to be solved based on a genetic algorithm; the objective function was defined in order to minimize the differences between the sim…
Stabilisation of LDPE cross-linked in the presence of peroxidesII. FTIR study of chemical changes taking place in the LDPE–dicumyl peroxide–Irganox 1…
2000
Abstract The chemical changes taking place in the systems: LDPE–Irganox 1081, LDPE–dicumyl peroxide and LDPE–Irganox 1081–dicumyl peroxide, after homogenisation (in a rolling mill at 130°C) and after homogenisation and cross-linking (at 180°C and 5.0 MPa for 20 min) were investigated by FTIR. It was found that the OH groups in Irganox 1081 were in a bound form, and were most probably linked to the sulphur co-ordination centre. Further, the presence of dicumyl peroxide without Irganox 1081 in LDPE resulted in the formation of hydroperoxide groups at a temperature of 130°C, which were replaced by free hydroxy and carbonyl groups of a ketonic type after cross-linking. Simultaneous addition of …
Nonexposed Variant of Bisphosphonate-associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: A Case Series
2010
Abstract Purpose To report a case series of patients with the nonexposed variant of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw—a form of jaw osteonecrosis that does not manifest with necrotic bone exposure/mucosal fenestration. Methods Among 332 individuals referred to 5 clinical centers in Europe because of development of jawbone abnormalities after or during exposure to bisphosphonates, we identified a total of 96 patients who presented with the nonexposed variant of osteonecrosis. Relevant data were obtained via clinical notes; radiological investigations; patients' history, and referral letters. Results The most common clinical feature of nonexposed osteonecrosis was jaw bone pa…
Early Denosumab for the prevention of osteoporotic fractures in breast cancer women undergoing aromatase inhibitors: A case-control retrospective stu…
2021
BACKGROUND: Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) might have a detrimental impact on bone health in breast cancer (BC) women. Denosumab has been shown to reduce the risk of fractures, but the appropriate time for starting is yet to be clearly defined. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of early treatment with Denosumab (⩽ 12 months after starting AIs) compared to a delayed treatment in BC women. METHODS: In this retrospective case-control study, we included medical records of BC post-menopausal women, treated with AIs therapy; they were divided as: study group (starting Denosumab ⩽ 12 months after AIs) and control group (> 12 months). At the baseline (T0) and at 18 months (T1), we evaluated the lum…
Resource or waste? A perspective of plastics degradation in soil with a focus on end-of-life options.
2018
‘Capable-of-being-shaped’ synthetic compounds are prevailing today over horn, bone, leather, wood, stone, metal, glass, or ceramic in products that were previously left to natural materials. Plastic is, in fact, economical, simple, adaptable, and waterproof. Also, it is durable and resilient to natural degradation (although microbial species capable of degrading plastics do exist). In becoming a waste, plastic accumulation adversely affects ecosystems. The majority of plastic debris pollutes waters, accumulating in oceans. And, the behaviour and the quantity of plastic, which has become waste, are rather well documented in the water, in fact. This review collects existing information on pla…